'/> Amazing Animals: jaguar
Showing posts with label jaguar. Show all posts
Showing posts with label jaguar. Show all posts

Thursday, October 18, 2012

Here Comes the Big Cat!

A list of popular big cats.

Cat species in the genus Panthera that include: tiger, lion, leopard and jaguar are commonly called as big cat. Also in this species are cougar, snow leopard, clouded leopard and cheetah. One main trait these cats have that other smaller cats don’t possess is their ability to roar.

Though big cats may differ in sizes and physical appearances, all exhibit similar behavior. All cats are carnivores or meat-eater and are efficient predators. Big cats are found mostly in Africa, Asia, Europe and America.

Below is a list of the 10 most remarkable big cats.

10. Bobcat

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The Bobcat (Lynx rufus) is a North American cat found mostly in southern Canada, some part of Mexico and the United States. Bobcats come in gray to brown coat, black-tufted ears, whiskered face and males can weigh up 30 lbs, while females average 20 lbs. Adults grow to 15 inches from ground to shoulder in height. Bobcats are seen roaming wooded areas, forest edges and swamplands searching for prey such as rabbits, hares, rodents and small deer. Having a flexible body with legs designed for climbing, pouncing and rapid acceleration, bobcats are efficient predators.

9. Ocelot

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The Ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) found mostly in South and Central America, Mexico and in some part of Texas is a wild cat that resembles a domestic cat. A distinct mark of an ocelot is its dark brown fur edged with black on a yellow/tawny background with irregular shaped spots and stripes. They are nocturnal animals and prey on rabbits, rodents, rodents and small reptiles. Ocelots are good tree climbers and also hunt for birds.

Ocelots population dwindled during the late 90’s because people hunt them for their fur. Efforts made by IUCN to preserve its population took on a positive note and as of today, ocelots numbers increase.

8. Caracal Cat

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The Caracal (Caracal caracal), commonly called Persian Lynx or African Lynx, is a medium-built cat. They have long legs tufted black ears and creamy with faded orange spots underbelly. Caracal cats are considered one of the world‘s beautiful cats. They are found throughout South Africa and its habitat includes: dry savannahs, forest edge and mountainous terrain. Adult males can weigh up to 20 kilograms and can reach 2 feet in height. A nocturnal animal, Caracal cat moves with grace and an expert tree climber. They are good hunters of sand rats, squirrels, Rock Hyrax and at times birds.

7. Jaguarundi

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The Jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi) is found mostly in South America and in some parts of southern Texas. They are medium-sized cats where adults grow to an average of 65 cm, a 45 cm tail and can weigh up to 6 kg. Jaguarundi have short and rounded ears and short legs. They have clear coat and even colors and comes in blackish to brownish gray. They inhabit forested areas and lowland brush areas that are near a water source. They are normally seen in trees spying on possible prey such as: small mammals, birds, reptiles and fish.

6. Marbled Cat

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The Marbled Cat (Pardofelis marmorata) looks like a typical domestic cat, but it owns a thicker furred tail that it uses as a counterbalance. They are mostly found in northeast India, Nepal and through southeast Asia. Its habitat includes: woodlands, dry savannah and rugged terrain in mountainous regions.

Marbled cat has thick and soft fur brownish-yellow in color having a marking of large blotches with lighter underparts. Its legs bear black spots and its head and neck also has some black lines. Adults can weigh up to 4.5 kilograms and can reach 53 cm in height. Marbled cat's diet includes: squirrels, rodents, frogs, lizards, insects but mostly birds.

5. Jaguar

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The Jaguar (Panthera onca) is one of the “big cats” that lives in some areas of Mexico, Central America, Argentina and Paraguay. It can be mistaken for a leopard in appearance, but jaguars are much bigger and look sturdier than leopard. They more resemble the tiger in terms of behavioral and habitat characteristics. They live in forest and open terrain, but prefer much dense rainforest. Jaguar works alone in hunting its prey that includes: deer, capybara, tapirs, dogs, foxes, frogs, mice, fish, birds, monkeys and turtles.

The jaguar is a sturdy and well-muscled animal and can weigh up to 96 kilograms and can reach a height of 30 inches tall at the shoulder. The base coat of the jaguar is normally a yellowish-brown, but can adapt a reddish-brown and black coloring. They are covered in rosettes for camouflage in its jungle habitat.

4. Snow Leopard

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The Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) is a big cat local to the mountain ranges of Central Asia. Their range spans from Afghanistan to Kazakhstan, Russia, India and China. They come in white, yellowish or soft gray coat and thick fur with ringed spots of black on brown. The average height of an adult is 2 feet from ground to shoulder and can weigh up to 50 kilograms. It can grow up to 3. 5 feet in length that include a 40-inch tail. The Snow leopard's diet includes: Wild sheep and goats and other small animals like rodents, hares and game birds.

3. Lion

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The lion (Panthera leo) is a muscular and powerfully built cat. They have short fur that comes in uniform color ranging from grey to reddish brown. Lions have black or deep brown eyes and tail’s tip. The most distinctive mark of a lion is its mane (ruff of thick, long fur) that adult males exhibit. Its color varies from a light brown to almost black and covers the sides of the face, neck and in some animals extends to the abdomen. Adult males can grow up to 10 feet in body length.

2 Cheetah

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The Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is the fastest land animal in the world, its slender, long-legged body is built for speed. Cheetahs’ distinctive feature is the black spots all over its tan-colored bodies. They too have small heads, ears and eyes that is marked with “tear stripes” that stretch from the eye's corner.to the side of the nose. Adult males can reach up to 3 feet in height at shoulders, an average of 55 inches in length and can weigh up to 140 pounds. Cheetahs roam freely in open savannah in Africa and some are confined in small isolated populations in Iran. Their diet includes: Gazelles, impalas and smaller hoofed animals.

1. Tiger

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The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest member of the cat family. They are found in China, Russian Far East, South and Southeast Asia. Tigers can grow up to 3.5 feet at the shoulder and can reach a body length of up to 9.2 feet (tail length 2-3 feet). They sport long, thick reddish coats with white bellies and white and black tails. Its distinct mark is its black, brown or gray stripes. Tigers are found in tropical forests, grassland savannah, rocky country, woodlands and grasslands. They hunt at night and feed on deer, wild pigs, water buffalo, antelope, monkeys and hares.

Monday, January 2, 2012

The Carnivores: The Most Exciting and Graceful Animals on The Face of The Earth - Part 2

Carnivores have become well established in all the continents except Australia, which became separated from the other continents before the first true carnivores evolved. In relatively recent times, many species introduced to Australia by man have escaped into the wild, and have formed thriving populations. These include the dingo, or Australian wild god, a descendant of the domestic dog.

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Seals and sea lions are abundant in cold polar waters, but they also occur on most of the world’s coasts. Although primarily marine animals, some live in fresh water- there are flourishing populations of seals in Lake Baikal and the landlocked Caspian Sea.

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Land- dwelling carnivores are to be found in a huge variety of habitats, from subarctic tundra to tropical forest and the most arid deserts. In some cases, individual species are able to exist in a wide range of different conditions; these animals are often very widespread geographically, while more specialized species occupy more restricted areas. The leopard, for example, can live in a wide range of habitats and is found in Africa and throughout Asia to China, whereas the more highly adapted snow leopard is found only in a restricted of mountainous country in central Asia.

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Many of an animal’s characteristics are determined by where it lives. In arctic regions and the tundra, where the weather can be incredibly cold, carnivores have thick, dense coats, small eyes and short tails to cut heat loss to a minimum. The coloration is often different in winter and summer: the stoat, for example, becomes white in the winter to blend in with the snow.

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Forest-dwelling carnivores, on the other hand, often have long tails which are used to balance the animal as it moves among the trees. In a few rare cases the tail is capable of gripping, and can be used to hold on to the branches. The coats of these skilled climbers are often spotted or striped to break up the outline of the animal and help it blend into its background. They also have retractile claws on their paws.

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Top of the Chain

Because carnivores eat other animals they are located at the top of the food chain- the flow of energy that begins with the plants and is transferred through a number of animals which eat and are then eaten in their turn.

Much of the initial energy contained in the plants is lost at each step: each animal uses food to fuel activity as well as growth, so there is only a fraction of the original left at the top of the food chain. Because of this the food chain can maintain very few carnivores. A study carried out in Serengerti Park of East Africa showed that the quantity of prey captured by carnivores generally accounts for about one quarter of the potential amount available. The rest of the prey animals die for other reasons and cannot always be used as food. Many vultures scavenge prey killed by carnivores and so prevent the original predators from consuming their victims. In this way the vultures restrict the food resources of carnivores and help keep their numbers down.

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Although carnivores would appear to be the enemies of most grazing animals they are actually an essential part of any ecological community. They control the plant eating or herbivore populations, killing old individuals which eat valuable food, but are no longer able to breed, and destroying sick animals that may be carriers. If the carnivores were eliminated from an ecosystem, it would almost certainly collapse because the number of herbivores would rapidly increase and eat all the available food.

This has actually happened. In 1907, some 7000 deer roamed over 30,000 hectares on the Kaibab plains in Arizona. Nineteen years later, after a programme of predator extermination, the deer population had increased to 100,000. The result was massive overgrazing of the pasture: eventually there was not enough food to go round and many deer died of starvation. The predators which appeared to be the enemies of the deer turned out to be essential to their long- term survival in a balanced environment.

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A Place in Life

One habitat may support several carnivore species provided they have different lifestyles and so occupy different ecological niches. In a forest, for example, some carnivores such as the marten hunt in the trees, while others, such as the fox, hunt on the ground, and a predator like the other hunts only in the water.

Because they do not compete, all these species can live in the same patch of forest. The choice of food is also important: active predators such as lynxes, omnivores such as badgers and carrion- eaters such as hyenas could all forage for food in the same area without competing with one another directly. The different carnivore species will also choose their prey from within certain size groups; a predator which hunts small animals can co- exist quite happily with another which concentrates on large prey.

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These ecological niches may be superimposed when different species are active at different times. Some carnivores hunt by night and others hunt during the day; they may live in the same area, but never meet because their habits are quite different. Lions are cheetahs, for example, both live in the African Savannah, but while lions generally hunt at night and kill large animals up to the size of a buffalo, cheetah hunt by day and prefer to feed on creatures such as small antelope.

Carnivore species that occupy the same niche in geographically distinct regions are called ecological equivalents. The leopard of the Congo and the jaguar of the Amazon are ecological equivalents because they are both predators of tropical forests – if they lived in the same area they would be in direct competition with each other for food.

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Check out Part 2 here:

Friday, July 15, 2011

Amazing Animals Whose Names Start with The Letter J

Whether on land, water, or air, these J animals demonstrate amazing skills.

In search of food or just evading threats, these animals apply different means; sprint, glide, hop, or jump. Whatever the trick is, these J animals have amazing ways to finish the job.

Jabiru

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The Jabiru (Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus) or the Black-necked Stork, is the largest and the only stork found in Australia. This black and white – bodied stork is about 1.4 m tall with a 30cm-long black bill. The neck and head are dark green in color, while its long legs are coral-red in color. Jabiru storks are found in wetlands, shallow swamps, and other waterways. Usually seen foraging alone, this wetland bird’s feeds on fish, mollusks, crustaceans and amphibians. It uses its large bill to seize prey.

Jackdaw

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The Jackdaw (Corvus monedula), sometimes called Western Jackdaw, is almost a black-colored passerine bird. These birds are widespread across Europe, western Asia and North Africa. They live in villages and towns, cultivated lands, coastal cliffs and wooded steppes. The jackdaw is one of the smallest species in the crow family measuring at 34–39 cm in length with a wingspan of about 67-74 cm and weighs between 220-270 g. These sociable birds have grey neck, eyes, and shoulders. The bill and legs are black. A known omnivorous, jackdaws feed on insects, small invertebrates, worms, snails, mice, berries, seeds and fruits.

Jaguar

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The Jaguar (Panthera onca) is the third-largest feline after the tiger and the lion. It is widespread across Central America living in forested and open terrain as well as areas close to water sources. The jaguar has a short and stocky limb structure, whose weight ranges between 56–96 kilograms. At shoulder’s length, jaguar averages from 67–76 centimeters tall and a tail about 75 cm. A remarkable feature of this wily animal is its spotty coat. A solitary animal, jaguar hunts for prey, usually at around dawn and dusk. Its diet includes dogs, foxes, capybara, deer, tapirs, anacondas and caiman. Jaguar also feast on small animals like; birds, fish, monkeys, frogs, mice and turtles.

Jackal

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Jackals are medium-sized canines widespread n Africa and southeastern Europe, except for the golden jackal which are found in Asia. There are three known species of Jackal, the Common Jackal (Canis aureus), the Side-striped Jackal (Canis adustus) and the Black-backed Jackal (Canis mesomelas). Depending on species, jackals are found in open savannas, grassy plains and desert. Though they differ in size range, jackal averages between 70 – 86 centimeters in length and weighs between 15 – 35 pounds. Jackals are highly-skilled hunters, thanks to their large feet, long legs and sharp canine teeth. Jackals are omnivorous scavengers and most active at dawn and dusk. They hunt animals such as birds, reptiles, rodents, hares, sheep, gazelles, antelope, gazelles and even livestock. Also, they feed on insects, fruits and vegetation. Jackals are monogamous. Females usually give birth to 2-4 pups.

Jellyfish

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Jellyfish (jellies or sea jellies) generally refers to members of the phylum Ctenophora, which are fish-eating animals found in every ocean. However, some hydrozoan jellyfish is also found in fresh water. Several types of jellyfish are recorded, some a few centimeters across, while the biggest known jellyfish species is the Lion’s Mane Jellyfish measuring about a meter across. The adult jellyfish has a bell-shaped, soft bodies and long, stinging, poisonous tentacles used in capturing food. Jellyfish feed on fish and other sea animals. Jellyfish do not have a brain or central nervous system and is 98% water. Jellyfish can live for a few hours to several months, depending on the species. A group of jellyfish is called a bloom or a swarm.

Jerboa

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Jerboas (Jaculus jaculus) are hopping desert rodents belonging to the Dipodidae. Resembling a mini kangaroo, jerboas are widespread throughout hot deserts of Africa and Asia. There are about 25 extant species of jerboas including the Lesser Egyptian Jerboa and two threatened species namely: the Five-toed Pygmy Jerboa and the Thick-tailed Pygmy Jerboa. They have long, soft and silky fur. Jerboas measures between 5-15 cm long and with a 8-25 cm long tail. These nocturnal rodents have long ears, tails and hind legs. Jerboas spend the day in burrows and hunt for food at dusk. The diet includes seed, plants and small insects. This tiny mammal can jump as far as 3 m in a single leap.

Japanese beetle

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The Japanese Beetle (Popillia japonica) is native to Japan. These green-bodied beetle is about 15 millimeters in length and 10 millimeters wide. It is oval-shaped with brown or copper-colored elytra. A remarkable feature of this beetle is the pronounced tufts of white hairs along its body and abdomen. Japanese beetles are mostly found in gardens, open meadows and woodlands. Though not mark as pest in Japan, these beetles are voracious eaters. They travel in packs, feeding on both the foliage and flowers of plants. Japanese beetles have a 2-year life span.

Jackrabbit

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A common misconception is that jackrabbits are rabbits, but the truth is they are actually hares. Hares are bigger than rabbits, having longer ears and taller hind legs. There are five known species of jackrabbits scattered across central and western North America. These hares are found in grasslands, forests, prairies and deserts. They are shy but fast-moving animals with one species, the European Brown Hare, is capable of sprinting up to 72 km/h. Adult s can reach 60 cm in height and weigh between 1.4 to 4 kg. Jackrabbits are herbivores and feed on grasses, leaves, twigs, herbs, and bark. In their natural habitat, jackrabbits average life span is from 1 to 5 years.

Jumping spider

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The jumping spider (Salticidae) is the largest spider family comprising of about 5,000 known species. They live in a wide range of habitat including; scrub lands, forests, deserts, and mountains. A remarkable feature of the jumping spider is its four big frontal eyes and four smaller ones on top of the head. They are brightly-colored, with sturdy bodies and short legs. Adults measure between 2 to 22 mm. Blessed with excellent vision, jumping spiders are active predators. Generally carnivorous, they stalk and pounce on small insects. There are few species who go after pollen and nectar.

Japanese Chin

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The Japanese Chin, also known as the Japanese Spaniel, measures from 20 to 27 cm in height and weighs from 2 to 7 kg. It has a large head, large round eyes, short ears and a short broad muzzle. It has long white with patches of black, orange, lemon, or red. A very good companion dog, the Japanese Chin is an intelligent, loving and charming dog.

Check out the entire Animal Alphabet list here:
Amazing Animal Alphabet Series 1
Amazing Animal Alphabet Series 2